PHP

If you need to know the month from a given integer (from 1 to 12) then you can use the following snippet. This will return the string "Feb".

date("M", mktime(0, 0, 0, 2));

This can be encapsulated into a function call that will take a number between 1 and 12 and return the corresponding string for that month. This function includes some simple error checking to make sure that the number is valid before trying to work out the date.

function getMonth($month) 
{
  if (!is_numeric($month) && $month  1 && $month > 12) {
    return false;
  }
  return date("M", mktime(0, 0, 0, $month));
}

Richard Wiseman is a psychologist, magician, and author who runs a little blog over at http://richardwiseman.wordpress.com/. His blog talks about all sorts of things, but every Friday he posts a little puzzle that you can have a go at solving.

The last puzzle posted talked about palindromic numbers and speed, here is the puzzle in full.

The other day I went for a bike ride. My favourite route has signs every meter saying how far you have travelled. I came across the sign saying '15951 meters' and thought 'Oh, that's interesting, it is a number palindrome because it reads the same from left to right as right to left'. Then I rode on. Two hours later I came across the next palindromic number sign. How fast was I going?

Removing the last line from a file is an easy process and can be done in just a few lines of code.

XML data extraction can be a common task, but to work directly with this data you need to understand how PHP parses XML. There are various different functions involved in parsing XML in PHP, all of which work together to extract data from a XML document. I will go through each of these functions and tie them together at the end.

xml_parser_create()

This function is used to create the parser object that will be used by the rest of the process. This object is used to store data and configuration options and is passed to each of the functions involved.

$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();

xml_set_element_handler()

Next we need to set up the functions that will be used in the parsing of the script. The xml_set_handler() method takes the following parameters:

If you want to create a "rounded" time stamp, for example, to the nearest 15 minutes use this as a reference:

Converting an IP address into some useful location information can be useful if you want to find out where sites are hosted or customise content to users depending on their location.

All this code is freely available over at github.

There are several ways to do this, all of which have their advantages and disadvantages, but sticking with one can cause rewriting a lot of code in the future. So rather than pick one and stick with it I decided to use dependency injection to allow different classes to be used that convert IP addresses to locations in different ways. The first task is to create an abstract class that will be used to construct the rest of the IP location classes. Each class that extends this abstract class will contain a method called getIpLocation() that will convert an IP address into a location, and a method that will update the data source for the location lookup. Rather than lump all of the classes into a single directory I have created a directory called Service, into which all of the different classes that lookup IP addresses will be kept.

Using file_get_contents() to fetch the contents of a file is quite a common practice. This might be just to get the contents of a text file or to get the ImageCache module in Drupal to pre-cache images. The file_get_contents() function can get a local or remote file and is usually run like this.

$data = file_get_contents($url);

However, when trying to use this function to communicate with an authenticated server you will see the following error appearing.

Although most developers might not like it FTP is quite a common way of deploying the files for a site to the server. To simplify this process Phing comes with a handy FTP transfer action called ftpdeploy.

In order to use the ftpdeploy we first need to install the Net_FTP package. To install this package just enter the following command:

pear install Net_FTP

The first thing we need to create is a build.properties file to store our ftp details

When creating functions in PHP it is possible to provide default parameters so that when a parameter is not passed to the function it is still available within the function with a pre-defined value. These default values can also be called optional parameters because they don't need to be passed to the function. I have seen this sort of code being used incorrectly quite often recently so I thought I would go over it in a post.

Creating a default parameter in a function is very simple and is quite like normal variable assignment. The following function has a single parameter that is set to 1 if it is not passed when calling the function.

function testFunction($a = 1)
{
    return $a;
}

It is usual when writing a list of items to separate each item with a comma, except the last two items, which are separated with the word "and". I recently needed to implement a function that took a string and converted it into a list of this type so I thought I would expand on it and post it here.

The function takes a single parameter, which can either be an array or a comma separated string. If an array is passed to the function then it is converted into a comma separated string and then passed onto the next part in the function. The function then removes any trailing commas, any commas that have nothing in between them and then makes sure that each comma has a single space after it. The final step is to replace the last comma with the word "and". Once the manipulation is complete then the resulting string is returned. If the string (after removing any trailing commas) doesn't contain any commas then it is simply returned.